What to do after installing Ubuntu 19.04

Getting Started with Ubuntu 19.04: An Essential Guide

Ubuntu 19.04, also known as “Disco Dingo,” is a vibrant release of the popular linux distribution known for its user-friendly interface and robust performance. Whether you are transitioning from another operating system or a seasoned Linux user, knowing what to do after installing Ubuntu can vastly improve your experience. This guide will walk you through essential post-installation steps, ensuring your Ubuntu system functions smoothly and securely.

1. Update Your System

The first step after a fresh installation is to update your system. Ubuntu 19.04 may already come with a few updates, but it’s crucial to ensure you have the latest patches and software.

How to Update Ubuntu

1. Open the Terminal by searching for “Terminal” in the application launcher or pressing Ctrl + Alt + T.

2. Type the following command and hit Enter:

   bash
   sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

This command updates the package list and installs available upgrades. You might be prompted for your password.

2. Install Essential Software

Equipping your system with essential software will enhance your productivity and overall experience. Here are a few recommended applications:

A. Office Suite

For document creation and editing, consider installing LibreOffice:

bash
sudo apt install libreoffice

Alternatively, if you prefer cloud-based applications, you can use Google Docs through your web browser.

B. Multimedia Codecs

To ensure compatibility with various media formats, install multimedia codecs:

bash
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

This package contains codecs for MPEG, MP3 playback, and other proprietary software required for smooth multimedia performance.

C. Web Browsers

While Ubuntu comes with Firefox, you might want to install other browsers like Google Chrome or Brave. You can download these directly from their official websites.

3. Customize Your desktop environment

Ubuntu 19.04 offers a plethora of customization options to tailor your desktop environment.

A. Change the Appearance

To change themes, icons, and other visual settings:

1. Open the Settings app.
2. Select Appearance.
3. Choose your desired themes and customize the dock settings.

B. Install GNOME Tweaks

For advanced customization options, install GNOME Tweaks:

bash
sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

This tool allows you to modify window manager settings, fonts, and more.

4. Enable Firewall and security settings

Security should always be a priority after setting up any operating system. Ubuntu comes with a built-in firewall known as UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall).

To Enable UFW:

1. Open the Terminal.

2. Type the command:

   bash
   sudo ufw enable

3. To check the status, use:

   bash
   sudo ufw status

By default, UFW blocks all incoming connections and allows outgoing ones, providing a basic level of security.

5. Install Additional Drivers

Sometimes, proprietary drivers can enhance system performance, especially for graphics cards. To install additional drivers:

1. Go to Software & Updates.
2. Navigate to the Additional Drivers tab.
3. Select the recommended driver for your hardware and click Apply Changes.

6. Set Up Backups

Regular backups are essential for protecting your data. Ubuntu offers a built-in backup tool called Deja Dup.

How to Set Up Deja Dup:

1. Open the Backups application from your applications menu.
2. Select your backup location, schedule, and what to back up (like documents, photos, or system settings).
3. Activate the backup process and ensure it’s running as scheduled.

7. Explore Software Repositories

Ubuntu’s software repositories are extensive, making it easy to install a wide range of applications. You can browse the Ubuntu Software Center or utilize the command line.

How to Add a PPA (Personal Package Archive):

For applications not available in the official repositories, you can add PPAs. For instance, to install the latest version of GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program):

bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gimp

8. Learn Basic Terminal Commands

Familiarity with the command line can significantly enhance your experience. Here are a few essential commands:

• ls: List files in the current directory.
• cd: Change directory.
• cp: Copy files.
• mv: Move or rename files.
• rm: Remove files or directories.

9. Join the Community

Ubuntu boasts a vibrant community, which can be a helpful resource as you navigate your new system. Join forums such as the Ubuntu Forums or Ask Ubuntu for support, tips, and to connect with other users.

10. Explore Ubuntu’s Features

Ubuntu comes packed with unique features that can improve your workflow and user experience:

• Snap Packages: Snap is a packaging system that bundles apps with their dependencies. You can find applications in the Snap Store, providing greater compatibility.

  To install a Snap, use:

  bash
  sudo snap install

• Workspaces: Utilize workspaces to manage multiple tasks effectively. You can switch between different desktops with a simple swipe.

Conclusion

Installing Ubuntu 19.04 is just the beginning; customizing, securing, and optimizing your system can significantly enhance your experience. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can transform your Ubuntu installation into a powerful and efficient computing environment. Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced user, these practices will help ensure your system runs smoothly and remains secure.

FAQ

Q1: How can I update my software automatically in Ubuntu?

A1: You can set your system to automatically download and install updates by navigating to Software & Updates -> Updates tab and selecting automatic update options.

Q2: How do I remove software in Ubuntu?

A2: You can uninstall applications using the Terminal with:

bash
sudo apt remove

Or through the Ubuntu Software Center by searching for the application and selecting “Remove.”

Q3: Is it safe to use PPAs?

A3: While many PPAs are maintained by trusted developers and communities, always ensure that you trust the source before adding a PPA to avoid security risks.

Q4: Can I dual-boot Ubuntu with another operating system?

A4: Yes, you can set up a dual-boot system with other operating systems like Windows. Ensure you partition your hard drive properly during installation.

Q5: How can I install software from a .deb file?

A5: You can install .deb files using the Terminal with:

bash
sudo dpkg -i filename.deb

If there are dependencies, run:

bash
sudo apt install -f

Q6: What should I do if my system runs slow?

A6: Check for background processes using the System Monitor, remove unused applications, and consider upgrading hardware if necessary. You can also clear temporary files and caches using built-in tools.